BVA9504054 DOCKET NO. 91-41 488 ) DATE ) ) On appeal from the decision of the Department of Veterans Affairs Regional Office in Jackson, Mississippi THE ISSUES 1. Entitlement to a rating in excess of 30 percent for status post total left knee arthroplasty for residuals of gunshot wound, fracture of the left femur, and arthritic changes. 2. Entitlement to a rating in excess of 20 percent for residuals of gunshot wound to the left ankle status post fracture of the left lateral malleolus and fibula with arthritic changes. 3. Entitlement to a rating in excess of 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain and left hip involvement. 4. Entitlement to a separate (compensable) evaluation for service-connected left hip disability, currently diagnosed as bursitis. REPRESENTATION Appellant represented by: Disabled American Veterans ATTORNEY FOR THE BOARD Paul Gutstein, Counsel INTRODUCTION The veteran served on active duty from May 1944 to October 1945. This matter was initiated to the Board of Veterans' Appeals (Board) on an appeal from the February 1990 rating decision of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Jackson, Mississippi, Regional Office (RO), which confirmed and continued the prior 30 percent evaluation for the veteran's service-connected status post total left knee arthroplasty. The veteran filed a notice of disagreement in July 1990 and he was furnished a statement of the case in August 1990. He filed a substantive appeal in August 1990. By rating decision of January 1991, the RO confirmed and continued the prior 20 percent evaluation for residuals of gunshot wound to the left ankle and the prior 20 percent evaluation for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain and left hip involvement. He filed a notice of disagreement on the issues of increased ratings for the left ankle and low back disorders with left hip involvement in March 1991 and was thereafter furnished a supplemental statement of the case in May 1991. In a July 1992 remand, the Board considered the issue of entitlement to an increased evaluation for the service-connected status post total left knee arthroplasty disability as being the only issue on appeal. It was noted that the appellant had been sent a supplemental statement of the case covering the issues of entitlement to increased ratings for disabilities of the left ankle and low back with left hip involvement, but he had not filed a substantive appeal, in accordance with 38 U.S.C.A. § 7105 (West 1991). The Board remanded the case in July 1992. By rating decision of January 1993, the RO denied entitlement to a separate (compensable) evaluation for the veteran's service- connected left hip disorder and confirmed and continued the prior evaluation for the other service-connected disabilities. The veteran was furnished a supplemental statement of the case in February 1993, to include the issues of increased ratings for the left knee disability, left ankle disability and lumbar spine disability and for a separate evaluation for the left hip disability. The veteran filed a VA Form 9 in March 1993, in which he disagreed with the January 1993 rating decision of the RO. This constituted a notice of disagreement on the issues of entitlement to an increased evaluation for service-connected residuals of a gunshot wound of the left ankle, entitlement to an increased evaluation for service-connected traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with strain with left hip involvement, and entitlement to a separate (compensable) evaluation for a left hip disability. The case was again remanded by the Board in December 1993; the veteran was furnished a supplemental statement of the case by the RO in February 1994 on the issues of an increased evaluation for service-connected residuals of gunshot wound to the left ankle, and an increased evaluation for service-connected traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with left hip involvement and entitlement to a separate (compensable) evaluation for service- connected left hip disability. The veteran filed a VA Form 9, Substantive Appeal, on the those issues in March 1994. By rating decision of May 1994, the RO held that the veteran was entitled to a 100 percent evaluation on the basis of individual unemployability due to service-connected disabilities, effective from March 1989 and that basic eligibility to benefits under 38 U.S.C.A. Chapter 35, (West 1991) was also established from that date. The veteran has been represented throughout his appeal by the Disabled American Veterans, which has submitted written argument in his behalf. CONTENTIONS OF APPELLANT ON APPEAL The veteran complains of continuous pain and problems with his left knee ever since his left knee replacement in 1988. He states that any type of ambulation causes his legs to swell and hurt and that his left leg hurts so badly that he can barely touch his leg with his own hand. He points out that he wears a Lennox Hill brace for support, yet he can only wear it for short periods of time because of swelling. The veteran argues, in addition, that he is entitled to an increased rating for his left ankle disability, due to an inability to ambulate because of pain and swelling. He states that he has to use a cane in order to walk. It is argued that he has a chronic longstanding back condition, and, in addition, his representative argues that the left hip is so disabling that the veteran is entitled to a separate (compensable) evaluation rather than rating that disability together with his lumbar spine disability. DECISION OF THE BOARD The Board, in accordance with the provisions of 38 U.S.C.A. § 7104 (West 1991), has reviewed and considered all of the evidence and material of record in the veteran's claims file. Based on its review of the evidence in this matter, it is the decision of the Board that the preponderance of the evidence is against a rating in excess of 30 percent for status post total left knee arthroplasty for residuals of gunshot wound, fracture of the left femur, and arthritic changes; against a rating in excess of 20 percent for residuals of gunshot wound to the left ankle with status post fracture of the lateral malleolus and left fibula with arthritic changes; and against a rating in excess of 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain; but that the preponderance of the evidence warrants assignment of a separate 10 percent evaluation for the service-connected left hip disability, currently classified as bursitis. FINDINGS OF FACT 1. The left knee disorder is manifested by some limitation of motion of the left knee, with mild and generalized tenderness to palpation of the knee. The veteran does not have severe painful motion or weakness of the left knee. 2. The residuals of the gunshot wound of the left ankle are manifested by arthritic changes with tenderness to palpation over the lateral malleolar region. There is marked limited motion of the ankle due to the gunshot wound residuals. 3. The veteran has a lumbar spine disorder manifested by traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine, less than severe limitation of motion and mild tenderness to palpation in the left lower lumbar region. 4. The veteran's left hip disorder is manifested by trochanteric bursitis of the left hip causing some limitation of motion and tenderness to palpation over the greater trochanter of the left hip. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW 1. A rating in excess of 30 percent for status post total left knee arthroplasty for residuals of gunshot wound, fracture of the left femur and arthritic changes, is not warranted. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Code 5055 (1994). 2. A rating in excess of 20 percent for residuals of gunshot wound of the left ankle, status post fracture of the lateral malleolus, and left fibula with arthritic changes, is not warranted. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5271 (1994). 3. A rating in excess of 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain is not warranted. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5292 (1994). 4. A 10 percent evaluation for trochanteric bursitis of the left hip is warranted. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5019 (1994). REASONS AND BASES FOR FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The Board has concluded that the preponderance of the evidence does not warrant ratings in excess of 30 percent for left knee arthroplasty, 20 percent for residuals of gunshot wound of the left ankle, and 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine; but that the evidence warrants assignment of a separate 10 percent evaluation for the left hip disability, currently shown as trochanteric bursitis of the left hip. This determination is based upon a review of the complete evidentiary record including the service medical records, post service VA medical reports, and statements of the veteran and his representative in support of the claim. I. Entitlement to a Rating in Excess of 30 Percent for Status Post Total Left Knee Arthroplasty for Residuals of Gunshot Wound, Fracture of the Left Femur and Arthritic Changes The record shows that the veteran served on active duty from May 1944 to October 1945. He sustained penetrating wounds of the left knee with compound, comminuted fracture of the lateral condyle of the left femur and a comminuted fracture of the lateral malleolus, left fibula, as a result of a shell blast in January 1945. During subsequent hospitalization he was put in a long leg cast. He was ultimately discharged on a certificate of disability in October 1945 because of lateral instability of the left knee, limitation of motion and chronic recurrent synovitis, which rendered him physically unfit for service. In February 1946 examination disclosed a three inch scar over the lateral aspect of the left knee and lower thigh. There was a 5 to 10 degree limitation of flexion of the left leg. The diagnosis was of symptomatic cicatrix of the gunshot wound of the left knee. The RO assigned a 30 percent evaluation for residuals of gunshot wound of the left knee effective from April 1946. When examined by the VA in 1953, the veteran's left knee had a well-healed 3 1/2- by 2-inch, moderately fixed, mildly tender to palpation scar, and the knee joint itself appeared normal. When examined by the VA in September 1971, the veteran complained of some pain on manipulation of the left knee and there was a very minimal medial laxity of the knee joint. The knee was symptomatic when seen at the VA outpatient treatment clinic in 1982 at which time he was wearing a knee brace. On a VA examination in September 1983, the veteran reported having been fit with a left knee brace, and, in addition, he used a cane for walking but not for work. He drove trucks, and was now operating a heavy grader and his left leg was giving him more trouble especially managing the pedals. He was noted to walk with a marked limp either with or without the brace. There were 10 degrees of valgus spacing in the left knee and there were 10 degrees' limitation of flexion with full extension. There were marked degenerative changes of the left knee joint by X-ray. X-ray studies showed metallic bullet fragments seen in the soft tissues around the left distal femur, when evaluated in 1986. The veteran underwent a left total knee arthroplasty in January 1988. When evaluated in March 1989 for orthopedic purposes, the veteran complained of intermittent pain in the left knee accompanied by swelling, aggravated by standing or walking. He used Motrin for pain and he walked with the aid of a cane. He walked with a limp, which was intensified without the cane. The surgical scar for the total knee arthroplasty was well healed. He had mild swelling with mild increase in heat as well as generalized tenderness to palpation of the knee. There was no gross instability. He performed a poor heel and toe walk with a limp on the left. X-rays showed that the total knee prosthesis was well seated. On the VA examination of the left knee in September 1990, the veteran continued to have pain with episodes of swelling in the left knee and objectively he lacked 5 degrees from terminal extension and had 80 degrees of flexion. The balance of the examination of the left knee was negative. On the most recent VA orthopedic examination in September 1992, the left knee had 0 degrees' to 95 degrees' range of motion and there appeared to be slight swelling of the knee. There was mild generalized tenderness to palpation of the knee. Stability was felt to be within normal limits for a total knee replacement. There was a well healed scar. Disability evaluations are determined by the application of a schedule of ratings which is based on average impairment of earning capacity. 38 U.S.C.A. § 1155 (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, (1994). Separate diagnostic codes identify the various disabilities. A 100 percent evaluation will be assigned for a prosthetic replacement of knee joint for one year following implantation of prosthesis under Diagnostic Code 5055, and the veteran was in fact assigned a 100 percent evaluation from January 1988 to March 1989, when a 30 percent rating was assigned. A minimum rating of 30 percent is provided for knee replacement under Diagnostic Code 5055. A 60 percent rating will be assigned for chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity. In addition, the disability can be rated on the basis of intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain, or limitation of motion by analogy to Diagnostic Codes 5256, 5261 or 5262. Under Diagnostic Code 5256, a 40 percent rating is assigned where the knee is ankylosed in flexion between 20 degrees and 45 degrees. However, the veteran's left knee is not ankylosed. Under Diagnostic Code 5261, in order to assign a higher evaluation of 40 percent, the veteran would have to have extension limited to 30 degrees, whereas the last examination showed the left knee at 0 degrees' to 95 degrees' range of motion. Under Diagnostic Code 5162 a 40 percent rating is assigned for nonunion of the tibia and fibula, with loose motion, requiring brace, but nonunion is not shown. In the absence of severe painful motion or weakness of the left knee, a 60 percent rating may not be assigned under Diagnostic Code 5055. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, (1994). Accordingly, 30 percent is the rating that is assigned to that disability on the basis of the evidentiary record. The United States Court of Veterans Appeals (Court) requires that pain be considered and evaluated as a factor as set forth in Schafrath v. Derwinski, 1 Vet.App. 589 (1991). Under 38 C.F.R. § 4.40 (1994), functional loss must be considered and this may be due to pain, supported by adequate pathology and evidenced by the visible behavior of the claimant undertaking the motion. Weakness is as important as limitation of motion, and a part which becomes painful on use must be regarded as seriously disabled. Under 38 C.F.R. § 4.45 (1994), as regards to the joints, the factors of disability reside in reductions of their normal excursion of movements in different planes. Consideration will be given to pain on movement, swelling, deformity, or atrophy of disuse. As cited above, the provisions of Diagnostic Code 5055 require severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity for assignment of a 60 percent evaluation, and this has not been demonstrated on the part of the veteran on the basis of findings reported in his VA examinations. The finding of pain and swelling of the left knee in 1990 and of slight swelling and mild generalized tenderness to palpation of the knee in 1992 do not justify assignment of a 60 percent rating. Accordingly, a rating in excess of 30 percent for status post total left knee arthroplasty for residuals of gunshot wound, fracture of the left femur, and arthritic changes, is not warranted. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Code 5055 (1994). II. Entitlement to a Rating in Excess of 20 Percent for residuals of Gunshot Wound to the Left Ankle, Status Post Fracture of the Lateral Malleolus and Left Fibula with Arthritic Changes As stated above, the veteran's left ankle was wounded in action in January 1945 during World War II. On the initial VA examination conducted in February 1946, there was a 2-inch scar over the lateral aspect of the left ankle, external malleolus. There were about 5 degrees' or 10 degrees' limitation of flexion of the left leg and there was slight limitation of eversion and inversion of the left ankle. The veteran has been in receipt of a 20 percent evaluation for residuals of gunshot wound of the left ankle since April 1946. There were a well-healed scar and essentially negative examination of the left ankle by the VA in May 1953, and in 1971, the examiner noted that the veteran could walk on his tiptoes and heels without difficulty; and plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle were good. On the September 1983 VA examination, the left ankle was limited by 15 degrees of inversion as compared to the right, dorsiflexion was 15 degrees and plantar flexion was 45 degrees. There was some loss of sensation of the left foot. X-rays showed minimal degenerative changes seen at the articulation of the distal end of the fibula with the talus. On the November 1985 VA examination, the ankle was noted to have good range of motion with the exception that inversion was limited by 10 degrees as compared with the right. On the September 1990 examination by the VA, there was evidence of swelling of the left ankle and tenderness to palpation over the lateral aspect of the ankle. The veteran had 5 degrees of dorsiflexion and 35 degrees of plantar flexion of the ankle. He performed a fair heel and toe walk but could only squat approximately one-half way down and arise again. On the most recent VA orthopedic examination in September 1992, both ankles had 10 degrees of dorsiflexion and 35 degrees of plantar flexion. There was tenderness to palpation over the lateral malleolar region. The veteran performed a fair heel and toe walk and could squat less than one-half of the way down and arise again. X-rays of the left ankle showed a metallic foreign body posterior to the talus and a deformity of the distal fibula. Traumatic arthritis substantiated by X-ray findings is rated as degenerative arthritis which will be rated on the basis of limitation of motion under the appropriate diagnostic codes for the specific joint or joints involved. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5003 (1994). The veteran is rated 20 percent for marked limited motion of the ankle under Diagnostic Code 5271 which is the maximum rating under that code. In order to assign a higher evaluation, ankylosis of the ankle would have to be demonstrated in plantar flexion, between 30 degrees and 40 degrees, or in dorsiflexion between 0 degrees and 10 degrees. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Code 5270 (1994). In the absence of ankylosis, the veteran is in receipt of the maximum rating assignable for his left ankle disability. The Board has also considered the application of 38 C.F.R. §§ 4.40 and 4.45 as regards the veteran's pain of the left ankle. His current rating includes disability manifested by pain, and the degree of pain demonstrated is not of such severity as to warrant a higher evaluation. On the basis of the preceding factual picture, the clinical findings and the veteran's symptomatology do not warrant a rating in excess of 20 percent under the applicable criteria. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. § Part 4, Codes 5010-5271 (1994). III. Entitlement to a Rating in Excess of 20 Percent for Traumatic Arthritis of the Lumbar Spine with Chronic Strain and Limitation of Motion When examined by the VA in September 1983, the veteran complained of low back ache for a couple of years and he was diagnosed as having mild degenerative changes of the lumbosacral spine with chronic strain secondary to his disabilities of the left lower extremity, confirmed by physical and X-ray findings. On the November 1985 VA examination, the veteran had diffuse tenderness in the lumbar region. Subsequently in a January 1986 rating action he was granted service connection for the low back disorder as due to the residuals of the left knee disorder and a 20 percent rating was assigned from July 1983. When examined by the VA in September 1990, there was no evidence of paravertebral muscle spasm or tenderness to palpation, and range of motion in the lumbar region was 60 degrees of flexion and 30 degrees of extension. On the September 1992 orthopedic examination, the veteran was able to stand erect and there was no evidence of spasm noted, but he had mild tenderness to palpation in the left lower lumbar region as well as over the greater trochanter of the left hip. Range of motion of the lumbar spine was 75 degrees of flexion and 35 degrees of extension. Traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine will be rated as degenerative arthritis which is rated on the basis of limitation of motion of the lumbar spine. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5003 (1994). The veteran is in receipt of a 20 percent evaluation for moderate limitation of motion of the lumbar spine under Diagnostic Code 5292-5000. Findings of 75 degrees of flexion and 30 degrees of extension on the last examination compared with 60 degrees of flexion and 30 degrees of extension in September 1990 do not justify a conclusion of severe limitation of motion of the lumbar spine so as to warrant a 40 percent rating. To the contrary, these findings demonstrate that the veteran's range of motion has improved from 1990 to 1992. Accordingly, the criteria for a 40 percent evaluation have not been met, and the 20 percent rating currently assigned is confirmed. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Code 5101-5292 (1994). Under the provisions of Diagnostic Code 5295, lumbosacral strain is rated 20 percent with muscle spasm on extreme forward bending, loss of lateral spine motion, unilateral, in a standing position. In order to assign the next higher evaluation of 40 percent, lumbosacral strain must be severe in degree with listing of whole spine to the opposite side, positive Goldthwait's sign, marked limitation of forward bending in a standing position, loss of lateral motion with osteoarthritic changes, or narrowing or irregularity of joint space, or some of the above with abnormal mobility on forced motion. Inasmuch as none of these characteristics are demonstrated with the exception of X-ray evidence of arthritic changes of the lumbar spine, the veteran does not meet the requirements for a 40 percent evaluation for lumbosacral strain. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Code 5295 (1994). The Schafrath case, supra, requires that the Board consider the veteran's complaints of pain as specified in 38 C.F.R. §§ 4.40 and 4.45 (1994). While the veteran has complained of low back pain when seen at the outpatient clinic in the early 1990's and has offered complaints of pain in statements in support of his claim, these complaints are not confirmed by the objective findings on the various VA examinations which show essentially no obvious evidence of pain on flexion or extension. In addition, the veteran was afforded a special neurologic examination in September 1992 and this was considered to be normal. In summary, the evidentiary picture does not warrant a rating in excess of the presently assigned 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5010-5292 (1994). IV. Entitlement to a Separate Compensable Evaluation for Left Hip Disability, Currently Diagnosed as Trochanteric Bursitis Service connection was previously established for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain and limitation of motion with X-ray evidence of left hip involvement secondary to left knee fracture. The question is whether the veteran is entitled to a separate (compensable) evaluation for his disability of the left hip which is currently diagnosed as trochanteric bursitis. X-rays of the left hip in 1986 showed mild sclerosis of superolateral aspect of the left acetabulum which were thought to represent mild arthritic changes. By rating decision of November 1986, the RO established service connection for left hip disability on the basis of X-ray evidence of left hip involvement secondary to the left knee fracture, and rated it as part of the low back disorder. When seen at the VA outpatient clinic in April 1989, the veteran complained of left hip pain with recurrent pains thereafter on subsequent visits. On the September 1992 VA examination, the veteran offered a history of left hip pain, pointing to the buttocks as well as to the left greater trochanter region. Range of motion of the left hip was 110 degrees of flexion, 50 degrees of abduction, 10 degrees of internal rotation and 60 degrees of external rotation with no significant pain on motion noted. He had tenderness over the area of the left greater trochanter which reproduced the hip pain he had been describing. X-ray of the left hip was negative. The examiner made a diagnosis of trochanteric bursitis of the left hip. Under Diagnostic Code 5019, bursitis is rated on limitation of motion the same as degenerative arthritis. When, however, the limitation of motion of the specific joint or joints involved is noncompensable under the appropriate diagnostic codes, a rating of 10 percent is for application for each such major joint or group of minor joints affected by limitation of motion, to be combined, not added, under Diagnostic Code 5003. Limitation of motion must be objectively confirmed by findings such as swelling, muscle spasm, or satisfactory evidence of painful motion. 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5019-5003 (1994). Under Diagnostic Code 5251, limitation of extension of the thigh to 5 degrees warrants a 10 percent evaluation. Since the veteran has 30 degrees extension, he does not qualify for a compensable rating under this code. Where flexion is limited to 45 degrees, the left thigh may be rated 10 percent disabling. Since the veteran has 110 degrees of flexion, he does not meet the requirements for a compensable evaluation under Code 5252. He has 50 degrees of abduction so that he does not meet the requirements for limitation of abduction or adduction under Diagnostic Code 5253 which rates impairment of the thigh. Nevertheless, with current findings showing some limitation of motion of the left hip as well as tenderness over the greater trochanter, the veteran meets the requirements for a 10 percent evaluation under Diagnostic Codes 5019-5003. The Board has also considered the element of pain as required by the Schafrath decision, supra, with application of the provisions of 38 C.F.R. §§ 4.40 and 4.45 (1994). One of the requirements of Diagnostic Code 5003 is satisfactory evidence of painful motion which has been documented in his various examinations. Accordingly, the Board concludes that the veteran is entitled to a separate 10 percent evaluation for his service-connected left hip disability which is currently diagnosed as trochanteric bursitis. 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 1155, 5107(b) (West 1991); 38 C.F.R. Part 4, Codes 5019-5003 (1994). ORDER Entitlement to a rating in excess of 30 percent for status post total left knee arthroplasty for residuals of gunshot wound, fracture of the left femur and arthritic changes is denied; entitlement to a rating in excess of 20 percent for residuals of gunshot wound to the left ankle, status post fracture of lateral malleolus and left fibula with arthritic changes, is denied; entitlement to a rating in excess of 20 percent for traumatic arthritis of the lumbar spine with chronic strain is denied; entitlement to a separate 10 percent evaluation for a left hip disability is granted. E. M. KRENZER Member, Board of Veterans' Appeals The Board of Veterans' Appeals Administrative Procedures Improvement Act, Pub. L. No. 103-271, § 6, 108 Stat. 740, ___ (1994), permits a proceeding instituted before the Board to be assigned to an individual member of the Board for a determination. This proceeding has been assigned to an individual member of the Board. NOTICE OF APPELLATE RIGHTS: Under 38 U.S.C.A. § 7266 (West 1991), a decision of the Board of Veterans' Appeals granting less than the complete benefit, or benefits, sought on appeal is appealable to the United States Court of Veterans Appeals within 120 days from the date of mailing of notice of the decision, provided that a Notice of Disagreement concerning an issue which was before the Board was filed with the agency of original jurisdiction on or after November 18, 1988. Veterans' Judicial Review Act, Pub. L. No. 100-687, § 402 (1988). The date which appears on the face of this decision constitutes the date of mailing and the copy of this decision which you have received is your notice of the action taken on your appeal by the Board of Veterans' Appeals.